2) 完成，结束(expressing completeness and finality)
finish ~ 完成 drink ~ 喝干 eat ~ 吃光 burn ~ 烧光 wash ~ 洗净 use ~ 用光 fill ~ 装满
pay ~ 付清 settle ~ 解决 lick ~ 甜净 sum ~ 总结， open ~ 透露 end ~ 结束 let ~ 中止, 减少
draw ~ 停止 close ~ 停止，关闭 swallow ~ 吞没 beat ~ 痛打 cover ~ 掩盖 break ~ 结束，分解
wind ~ 结束

3) 离开，消灭(expressing separation and destroy)
break ~ 拆开，驱散cut ~ 切碎 split ~ 分裂 divide ~ 分割 smash ~ 捣毁 blow ~ 炸毁 wither ~ 枯死
tear ~ 撕碎 give ~ 放弃 fold ~ 垮台 dry ~ 枯竭，干涸crack ~ 撞坏 clutter ~ 使散乱 litter ~ 乱丢杂物

　
4) 增加，变强(to a state of greater activity, force, strength, power and degree.
(1). mount ~ 增加pick ~ 振作，加快pluck ~ 振作 turn ~ 开打，开大, 出现 shake ~ 震惊 steam ~ 使发怒
stir ~ 激起，搅起ease ~ 放松 warm ~ 兴奋 speak ~ 大声说 heat ~ 变热 total ~ 加总 tense ~ 紧张
gather ~ 收集 speed ~ 加速 screw ~ 振作 build ~ 增大 show ~ 显现 cheer ~ 振作起来stir ~ 刺激
work ~ 激动，刺激
(2). 用在带"-en"后缀的动词后（used after the verbs with suffix of -en）
brighten ~ 发亮 fatten ~ 发胖 freshen ~使新鲜 harden ~变硬 sharpen ~ 变快 smarten ~ 变精明
strengthen ~ 加强sweeten ~ 变甜 tighten ~ 使紧密 toughen ~ 使强壮soften ~ 变软

5). 变好，改善( as to be better and proper)bring ~ 抚育 check ~ 核对 clear ~ 清理，晴天clean ~ 整理
do ~ 整理 patch ~ 修理 polish ~ 擦亮, 改进light ~ 点亮 tune ~ 调整 tidy ~ 整理 rub ~ 擦亮
train ~ 训练，培养 make ~ 化装, 和解, 弥补buy ~ 囤积 figure ~ 计算 fix ~ 修理,整理 take ~ 从事

6) 关住，锁紧，固定住(firmly, tightly and closely)
shut ~ 关闭 lock ~ 锁住 tie ~ 栓住 chain ~ 锁住 nail ~ 钉住 fasten ~ 系住 pin ~ 钉住 bind ~ 装订
bar ~ 关住 block ~ 堵塞 choke ~ 堵塞 save ~ 存起来 store ~ 贮藏 stock ~ 储存 cover ~ 掩盖 wrap ~ 包住
lay ~ 储存 hold ~ 延误 keep ~ 坚持

7) 向说话人的方向（to the place where the speaker is）
go ~ run ~ rush ~ drive ~ walk ~ catch ~ swim ~ march ~ come ~

2. down
1) 向下的位置（to or into a lower position）
cast ~ 扔下 cut ~砍倒 get ~ 下来 hand ~ 传下来 knock ~ 撞倒 lay ~ 放下 let ~ 放下 pour ~ 倾盆而下
pull ~ 拉下 set ~ 放下 sit ~ 坐下 step ~ 走下来 throw ~ 扔下 turn ~ 拆下 take ~ 取下 blow ~ 吹倒
bring ~ 打倒 hang ~ 垂下 sink ~ 沉落 slip ~ 失足 squat ~ 蹲下 swallow ~ 吞下 stoop ~ 伏身
splash ~ 飞溅而下 touch ~ 降落 bend ~ 弯下 bow ~ 鞠躬 kneel ~ 跪下 lie ~ 躺下 strip ~ 脱下

2) 减少（强度，量和体积）(a decrease in intensity, amount, bulk)
dwindle ~ 减少 die ~ 变弱，逐渐停止go ~ 平静下来 mark ~ 削减 hold ~ 压低 burn ~ (火)减弱, 烧坏
slow ~ 慢下来 burn ~ 烧掉 wash ~ 冲淡 clean ~ 弄干净 rub ~ 擦干净 bring ~ 降低 keep ~ 缩减
trim ~ 裁减 water ~ 冲淡 thin ~ 减少 run ~ 用光衰弱 wear ~ 削减，磨损come ~ 下跌 knock ~ 降价

3) 停止，减弱(to a state of less activity, force, strength and power)
close ~ 关闭 drop ~ 突然停止 break ~ 坏了，中止run ~ 停止 settle ~ 平静下来 cool ~ 冷静下来
turn ~ 拒绝 die ~ 停止 lay ~ 失望 put ~ 镇压 4) 紧紧地，牢牢地(firmly, tightly) fasten ~ 系牢
chain ~ 链住，栓住clamp ~ 夹住 nail ~ 钉住 pin ~ 扣牢 hammer ~ 钉上 tie ~ 栓住 bind ~ 捆绑
draw ~ 停下来 5) 写下，记下(on paper or in writing) write ~ 写下 copy ~ 抄下 note ~ 记下
take ~ 记下 put ~ 记下 get ~ 记下 have ~ 写下

　
3 on 1) 继续(continuously)
carry ~ drive ~ fight ~ hold ~ keep ~ live ~ sleep ~ sing ~ walk ~ go ~ hurry ~ move ~
read ~ follow ~ struggle ~ insist ~ 坚持

2) 连上，固定住，(in or into a state of being connected)
act ~ 对…起作用catch ~ 抓牢 come ~ 跟随 count ~ 依赖 draw ~ 带上，穿上fasten ~ 纠缠，抓牢
fit ~ 固定 get ~ 接近 paste ~ 粘住 turn ~ 打开 switch ~ 打开 pin ~ 钉住 put ~ 穿上 try ~ 试穿
pull ~ 穿上 hang ~ 不挂断 build ~ 建立于 leave ~ 留住 take ~ 穿下 rely ~ 依靠 depend ~ 依靠

3) 向前，向上(forward, onward)
add ~ 加上 mark ~ 标上 paint ~ 漆上 press ~ 向前 pass ~ 传递 send ~ 转送 stamp ~ 盖章于
get ~ 上车 hand ~ 传送

　
4) 开始某活动(in or into an active operation)
work ~ 从事 fall ~ 攻击 hit ~ 突然向起 bring ~ 引起 get ~ 取得进展 look ~ 旁观, 观看call ~ 拜访
figure ~ 打算,希望 fix ~ 决心 get ~ 进步, 友好相处pick ~ 批评 plan ~ 打算 decide ~ 决定
reflect ~ 思考, 反思remark ~ 评论，议论settle ~ 决定 spur ~ 鼓励 urge ~ 督促

4. off

1) 离开(indicating departure)blow ~ 吹掉 drive ~ 击退 get ~ 下车，动身lift ~ 离开地面 make ~ 逃走
move ~ 离去 pack ~ 打发走 see ~ 送行 ship ~ 运往 start ~ 动身 send ~ 送行，解雇call ~ 叫走
let ~ 放出 take ~ 起飞 touch ~ 发射 give ~ 发出 clear ~ 走开 carry ~ 夺走
2) 去掉，断开(indicating removal or disconnection)
cut ~ 切断 tear ~ 扯掉 take ~ 拿走 chip ~ 切下 come ~ 脱落 cross ~ 除去 drop ~ 跌落 fall ~ 脱落
flick ~ 弹掉 peel ~ 剥掉 pull ~ 撕开 rub ~ 擦掉 scrape ~ 挂去 shave ~ 剃去 wash ~ 洗掉
shake ~ 抖落 throw ~ 扔开 rip ~ 扯开 turn ~ 关掉 strip ~ 脱去 switch ~ 关掉 take ~ 脱掉
shut ~ 关掉 wear ~ 磨损 go ~ 爆炸 break ~ 中断
3) 完成，停止(indicating completion)
finish ~ 结束 pay ~ 付清 break ~ 停止，中断send ~ 结束 leave ~ 停止 pass ~ 终止，停止
sign ~ 停止播音 wear ~ 消失， write ~ 注销，购销bring ~ 完成 call ~ 取消 lay ~ 停止, 解雇
4) 着地(down to the ground)
fall ~ 落下 jump ~ 跳下 knock ~ 击倒 slip ~ 滑倒

　
5. in
1) 进入，向里(into, inside, indoors)
barge ~ 闯入 beat ~ 打进 break ~ 闯入,插嘴breathe ~ 吸入 burst ~ 闯入，打断drop ~ 偶然拜访
fall ~ 跌入 get ~ 插入，收进 knock ~ 打入 lead ~ 导入 let ~ 进入，嵌入 move ~ 迁入 step ~ 走进
settle ~ 迁入 smuggle ~ 偷偷运进cut ~ 插嘴 call ~ 来访 draw ~ （火车）进站intervene ~ 介入
involve ~ 卷入
2) 包围，关闭(to be surrounded, or enclosed)
close ~ 包围，封闭lock ~ 禁闭 shut ~ 关进 wall ~ 围住
3) 加入，记入(to be added, or included)
book ~ 登记 check ~ 签到 count ~ 记入 fill ~ 填入 hand ~ 交上 take ~ 吸收 send ~ 呈交

6. out
1) 向外（away from the inside, outside）
keep ~ 使在外 take ~ 拿出 put ~ 放出，伸出come ~ 长出， bring ~拿出 bar ~关在外 breathe ~ 呼吸出
eat ~ 出去吃 get ~ 弄出 go ~ 出去 lay ~ 摆开，展示lock ~ 关在外面 look ~ 向外看 move ~ 搬出
point ~指出 pour ~ 诉说 pull ~ 拉出 ship ~ 运出 stick ~伸出 spit ~ 吐出 beat ~ 敲出 knock ~ 敲出
dine ~ 外出吃饭 drive ~ 驾车外出 leak ~ 漏出 draw ~ 拉出 see ~ 送出门去 draw ~ 出站 let ~ 放出, 释放

2) 结束，消失，取消(to or at an end, not to be there or not to exist)
burn ~ 烧尽，烧断clear ~ 清除 dust ~ 清除 fade ~ 消失 put ~ 扑灭 run ~ 用完 use ~ 耗尽
give ~ 耗尽 comb ~ 淘汰 kick ~ 逐出 wipe ~ 消灭 die ~ 灭绝 rub ~ 擦掉 blot ~ 除去
blow ~ 吹熄 bleach ~ 漂白 carry ~ 完成，执行leave ~ 省去 see ~ 完成 go ~ 熄灭
come ~ 罢工，结果cut ~ 删去，停止hold ~ 坚持到底 sell ~ 买完 tire ~ 筋疲力尽 wear ~ 磨损

3) 大声（in a loud voice, aloud）
sing ~ cry ~ shout ~ call ~ ，喊，申斥 spell ~ speak ~ scream ~ read ~ yell ~ sob ~ burst ~ 咆哮
4) 分发，传开(to a number of people or in all directions)
give ~ 分发 spread ~ 传开 set ~ 出发 hand ~ 分发 share ~ 分配 divide ~ 分配 call ~ 出动
start ~ 出发 send ~ 发送 break ~ 爆发，逃脱serve ~ 分发口粮 drop ~ 离开,退出
5) 搞清，弄明白(in or into notice and clearness)
find ~ 找出 figure ~ 算出，解决make ~ 弄清 count ~ 点清 come ~ 出版，出现catch ~ 看出 carry ~ 完成，
bear ~ 证明 bring ~ 发表，说出fill ~ 使完全, 添满write ~ 写出

7. over
1) 向下(downwards from an upright position)
knock ~ 撞倒 turn ~ 翻转 fall ~ 脸朝下跌倒trip ~ 拌倒 bend ~ 伏身 look ~ 从…上面看
2) 自始至终，通过, 重复(from beginning to end, through, again and again)
look ~ 调查 think ~ 考虑 see ~ 查看 run ~ 匆匆看 talk ~ 商量 call ~ 点名 read ~ 读一遍
go ~ 复习 do ~ 重复 glance ~ 浏览 skip ~ 略过 ponder ~ 思考
3) 向上，向外，(indicating motion upwards or outwards)
run ~ 溢出 spill ~ 溢出 boil ~ 因沸溢出 throw ~ 呕吐

小品词构成的动词短语(2)

4) 经过(from one side to the other, across a space or distance)

jump ~ climb ~ come ~ go ~ swim ~ pass ~ walk ~ move ~ fly ~ run ~

5) 结束，完成(finished, at an end)

get ~ 结束，熬过 stand ~ 延期 stop ~ 逗留 hang ~ 延期 throw ~ 抛弃 go ~ 看完 leave ~ 剩下

6) 转变，改变(indicating transference and change)

hand ~ 移交 take ~ 接管 buy ~ 收买 come ~ 过来 get ~ 战胜，克服 gain ~ 争取过来 win ~ 争取过来
switch ~ 转交 turn ~ 变动，交付 make ~ 移交

7)由于 (because of)

cry ~ 因…哭 laugh ~ 笑… fuss ~ 因…着急

8. away

1) 离开(to a distance, to another place)

go ~ 走开 run ~ 跑开 walk ~ 走开 ride ~ 开走 move ~ 移开 take ~ 拿走 carry ~ 运走 clear ~ 收走
draw ~ 拉走 get ~ 逃走，离开 put ~ 收起来 break ~ 逃脱 come ~ 离开 keep ~ 不准接近

2) 减少，减弱(indicating loss, lessening, weakening)

burn ~ 烧尽 brush ~ 刷掉 die ~ 消失 drain ~ 流走 melt ~ 融化 pass ~ 消失 rub ~ 擦掉 wash ~ 冲走
wipe ~ 擦掉 boil ~ 汽化

3) ( indicating separation, apart)

cut ~ 切掉 give ~ 赠送 put ~ 抛弃，收起
介词in, on 和at表示时间，地点和状态的常用短语

aches and pains痛苦 affable and kind和善

ancient and modern古今 arts and science文理

bag and baggage提包和行李 black and white黑白

bucket and spade 桶和锹 brothers and sisters兄妹

bow and arrow弓和箭， bread and butter面包和黄油

crack and roar咆哮 cup and saucer杯子碟子

drunk and sober酒汉与清醒者 fair and square公正

far and away远离 far and near远近

fire and sword火与箭 first and foremost首先

first and last先后 fish and chips炸鱼和薯条

free and easy轻松自在 friend and foe朋友和敌人

forward and backward 前后 fun and pleasure娱乐

wife and children妻子和儿童 good or ill好歹(善恶)

great and small大小 hale and hearty健壮

ham and egg火腿鸡蛋 hammer and sickle锤子与镰刀

hand an foot手脚 head and shoulder头与肩

heart and soul心灵 heaven and earth天地

heavy and light重轻 high and low高低

hill and dale山谷 home and abroad 国内外

horse and cart马车 house and home家居

hue and cry喊叫 husband and wife夫妻

hustle and bustle熙熙攘攘， ifs and buts假设和转折

in and out进出 whole and all全体

import and export进出口 internal and external内外

judge and jury法官与陪审团, king and queen国王与皇后

ladies and gentlemen女士与先生 knife and pork刀叉

kith and kin亲戚 land and sea陆海

law and order治安 lean and lanky瘦长

leaps and bounds跳跃 light and shade光阴

long and short长短 lord and lady贵族与小姐

male and female男女 man and beast人与兽

man and woman男女 meek and mild温和

sweet and sour糖醋 more or less或多或少

mother and child母子 null and void无效

odds and ends零碎 officers and soldiers官与兵

old and trial久经考验 Oxford and Cambridge牛津剑桥

out and away出走 past and present过去与现在

weight and measures重量与尺寸 pick and choose选择

pots and pans坛坛罐罐 puffing and blowing吐烟吹气气

profit and loss盈亏 pros and cons正反

rack and ruin损坏 right and wrong正误

rough and tumble杂乱 rules and regulations规章制度

true or false真假 safe and sound安全

short and sweet少而精 skin and bone皮包骨

slow and sure慢而准 sooner and later早晚

sports and games运动与游戏 stocks and shares股票

stuff and nonsense胡说八道 tea and coffee清茶和咖啡

then and there当时当地 thick and thin厚薄

this and that这那 thunder and light雷电

time and tide岁月 to and fro来回

town and country乡村 twists and turns曲折

up and down上下 ups and downs盛衰

vice and virtue罪恶与美德 ways and means方法

wear and tear磨损 wind and weather风与天

come and go 来去 poems and essays 诗文

2. 同汉语的位置不相同的短语

back and forth前后 bed and breakfast食宿

cap and gown(coat)衣帽 fire and water水火

flesh and blood骨肉 heat and cold冷热

heavy and light轻重 iron and steel钢铁

land and water水陆 love and money金钱与爱情

might and main主力 night and day白昼

north and south南北 off and on开关

old and grey苍老 old and new新旧

one and only唯一 pen and paper纸和笔

rain or shine阴晴 rich and poor,穷富

right and left左右 sword and shield剑与盾

twos and threes三三两两 you and I你我

young and old老少 pin and needle针毯

part and parcel重要部分 give and take合作与让步

mock and satire 讽刺嘲笑 rain and wind 风雨